Dave,
The Kinraide gap was a simple copper plate gap, the first "quenched" gap as per the US patent office. (It predates the later wireless telegraphy Wien/Telefunken gap by a half dozen years). The jug was just filled with water to keep (half of it anyway) cool. It ran from low voltage, self-induction on DC or 900VAC from AC. The cap had to be large to function, 1/4-1/2 mfd is necessary. On the DC version there is an electromagnet and dashpot to regulate the gap distance - making it the only "self-regulating" gap on a Tesla Coil that I know of commercially. The total working distance of the gap is only about .01 inches.
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2011/Kinraide_CAD_Gap/index.htm
You can see the gap perform in this replica:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIL8OQ2m8sY
The gap must have the planes parallel to avoid arcing. When set right the spark dances along the surface in different places. It can be a real pain if the circuit parameters don't fall within a certain range. If the capacity isn't so large its worthless, so only works for lower frequency coils, 50-100kHz. On the later wireless gaps they used very high voltages and many gaps in series so it was never an issue. For the Kinraide however it was notoriously giving people trouble who didn't bother to carefully adjust the planes correctly. Frederick Strong developed a simplified gap in the later machines, including the one in the auction that sold for $$$$. Cans of water with silver faced gaps. A few people replaced the gap with mercury breaks and had a lot of success with that... Kinraide even patented mechanical gaps as a replacement and one which wicked water into the faces which would explode under DC from electrolysis and blow out any arcs that formed... I've run out of time to replicate it all. Maybe in the future......
Casimir, I had to Google it, but don't follow any ZPE or free energy anything, sorry ...
Jeff
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2014 11:43:14 -0500
Subject: Re: [TCML] Rescuing and loosing 2 Kinraide Coils and 16-plate Static Machine...
From: tcbuilder@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
To: jeff_behary@xxxxxxxxxxx
Jeff,
I noticed the motor driving the pump in this photo http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2010/UrbanExploration/pages/Jeff%27s%20Photos%20083.htm
is identical to a motor I am presently repurposing for an Egg of Columbus type demonstration. I figured it to be pretty old. The windings in my stator are still good. The motor is three phase at 1800 rpm. Two of the legs have 11 mH and one is 10 mH. I'm going to try to balance them with capacitors.
The Kinraide gap is ingenious. Does it have a DC high voltage pulse at the gap? I suspect it does due to the geometry of the plate and hemisphere. This is similar to the ideal geometry for the Casimir effect.
Dave
On Sun, Jun 22, 2014 at 8:54 AM, Jeff Behary <jeff_behary@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
A few stories how history was found, restored, lost, etc... :)
In 2010 I get a phone call from Boston. A 20-year old girl found an Alternating Current Kinraide Coil.
I booked a flight just to go see it in person. Fortunately it was a half hour drive from the Kinraide family -
I had a free place to sleep, and they were eager to see the machine too. It was found in an abandoned building...
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2010/UrbanExploration/index.htm
We explored the building to look for more. Now...to get into the building we have to climb through a window in a
service building, crawl through an asbestos and brick lined underground service shaft, and crawl up through the basement floor.
The building had collapsed floors, pigeon shit a foot high on the floors that were intact, and was filled with mold and decaying history.
A treasure mine. I found the classic Newton feather/coin experiment, report cards of students more than 50 years worth, sheet music,
hundreds of porcelain sockets and cloth covered wire, mother of pearl light switches, it was amazing. It was an old school, 1890s, and
all the lights were Edison bulbs with oil lamps as back up lights. We tried to save more but someone called the cops on us and we had to
haul ass out of there. Remember, we were trespassing and stealing technically :D !
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2010/CherylsCoil/index.htm
The Kinraide Coil was severely burned out. It needed major restoration. The girl who found it did not want to part with it...
but a few months later crashed her car. She offered it for sale for $2500. I could not afford it, so I suggested the Kinraide family
buy it. They did. They sent it to be restored some months later, which I offered to do for free.
Next adventure was an art exhibit. I was asked to do a Kinraide inspired art exhibit of spark photos in Williamsburg. It cost me
about $2500 in all to make prints, frame them, ship them, get airfare, etc... I sold one photo for $1000 and got to keep half ($500).
$2000 loss. But good news? I got to meet another branch of the Kinraide family, who flew there eager to help.
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/WhatsNew2013B.htm
After restoring the Kinraide Coil I get a crazy note that one is for sale in Boston. I made plans to freight the Kinraide back to the family,
and was hoping to use the same shipping container to ship the one for sale back home. This time I was prepared to spend $2500 on the
machine. I regretted not buying the other, but was happy to see the family get it. Little would I know the coil sold for $6500. I stopped
bidding at $6000, which was basically my CC limit. The next bid increment was $500 and the other guy won. With tax and auction fees
the cost of that coil was something like $8900, making it the most expensive antique Tesla Coil ever sold, outside of perhaps Strickfaden devices...
Something good happened though. The same family who visited by art exhibit flew to sit by me during the bidding. I introduced them to the rest
of the Kinraide family - who they never met - and got to demonstrate their famous coil in person. It was a priceless evening.
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2013/BostonGrogan/KinraideFamily/content/_3194954852_large.htmlhttp://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2013/BostonGrogan/KinraideCoilDC/index.html
The next adventure, Bob Greenspan, who has one of the most prestigious collections in the world, told me that a static machine was being sold
in Opelousas LA. He wanted the crown effluve electrode and offered me $500 if I bought the machine. I wanted one bad after restoring Dan
Cuscela's (which cost more than $5K to acquire and nearly as much to restore). It was in the middle of nowhere in a nonmedical auction. I was bidding
by phone against a woman who wanted to gut it for her house. I paid $1100, with taxes and fees $1350. I couldn't afford a hotel, but I booked a plane
ticket to go there to pack it. Freight quote said it would cost $800 to ship, U-Haul quoted me $900 + fuel/milage if I did it myself. But I had to pack it up and move
it to the front driveway, it was in a building in the person's back yard. I had no help. I did find a place to stay, some strangers put me up and they were really nice.
I bought them a rose bush for their front yard for giving me a place to sleep :)
Finding a pallet was difficult. Home Depot had hundreds and refused to even sell one. The local packing companies did not answer their phones. Finally Lowes offered me one for free! I bought some chip board and foam, nails, stretch film etc...spent about $50. Moving the beast was a nightmare alone. It weighed around 600 pounds. I had to rent a truck from U-Haul to move it to the front yard, another $100. It took more than 12 hours to disassemble and crate. But it arrived 3
days later and I have yet to restore it. I need to find a way to remove the 16 plates without damaging them and need to reshellac them.
I did sell the original crown for $500. Recovered some of the money. It still cost a month's pay...
http://www.electrotherapymuseum.com/2014/BirtmanStatic/content/index.html
Fun chaos!! This is how it works. Stuff shows up at the worst time possible and the only option to drop everything and try to save it
or loose it. Or loose it trying..... ;)
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