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[TCML] Topload imperfections

All,
Top loads will tend to break out at a voltage related to their minor diameter.
Adding a breakout point will lower this breakout voltage, but I'm sure we have all tried a breakout that was too small, the reduction in breakout voltage can be aparently very small indeed.
We all try to make our toroids as smooth as possible and yet good results can be had from finite element toroids.
To me, the above points to the field surrounding the torrioid smoothing out the "lumps", be it a small breakout, a screw head on the torroid or the coils of a finite element toroid.
So ignoring the directional aspect of having a breakout point, How smooth to top load need to be and is there a formulae that states that a sphere of diameter x on top of a sphere of diameter y as a combination, will break out at a particular voltage? 

Am I right that the field smooths out imperfections?
Many years ago there were a number of programs that would graphically (but only in 2D IIRC) show the field around an object. Are there any that are still (cheaply) downloadable? 

Sorry for the barrage of questions, but they are all related (sort of)

    Thanks

    Derek


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