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Re: [TCML] mmc cap protection by spark-gaps-any ideas?
On Aug 19, 2008, at 10:08 AM, S&JY wrote:
Ray, all,
Yes, for DC applications, like power supply filter caps in series, the
resistors certainly do help equalize the voltages across each cap.
Thus
they do add some protection to the caps.
I hope by implication you got my point that connecting capacitors in
series to achieve a given d.c. working voltage is/was considered a bad
practice. The use of the resistors was just to compensate for some of
the makeshift technical work-a-round or lack of funds.
But in TC usage, the voltage across the series strings of caps is RF,
changing polarity on the order of 100,000 times per second. In this
situation, the RC time constant for a bleeder resistor across an MMC
cap is
so large (seconds)in comparison to the roughly ten microsecond cycle
time
that the resistors will do practically nothing to equalize the voltage
across the caps.
What has the frequency got to do with any thing? By place a resistor
across a capacitor you have created the equivalent of a capacitor with
a low leakage resistance. If you apply an a.c. voltage to a parallel
circuit consisting of a capacitor and a resistor, the instantaneous
voltage is the same across both elements.
So in Tesla Coil usage, the bleeder resistors are there as just ONE
of the
protections against dangerous shocks, NOT to protect the caps. But
as you
say, that should not be relied as the ONLY means of preventing
shocks and
electrocution. The cap bank should ALWAYS be discharged manually
with a
shorting wand or equivalent before handling the caps. If there are no
bleeder resistors on the MMC array, then to be absolutely safe, each
individual cap should be discharged manually as well.
When you say bleeder resistors are there as one of the safety devices
and that is a reason for them being there, your logic completely
escapes me. Safety is a very incidental factor. There is no such
thing as a non dangerous shock. Given the right circumstances any
shock can kill you. You are right. Before you put your grubby little
fingers on a capacitor in the MMC you should discharge it manually.
I highly recommend adding resistors across caps in an MMC as one of
several
human safety precautions. Cap protection is achieved by using caps
of all
the same type and having an ample voltage margin, e.g. run the caps
at 1/2
or 1/3 of their DC ratings.
I have no issue with the desirability of the resistors or any other
circuit details of the MMC. My issue is giving some one the idea that
just because there are resistors across capacitors it is safe to touch
them. It just isn't. The d.c. working voltage of the capacitors is
beside the point.
There are many on this list who have never had any experience with
anything before solid state and its typical low voltage. Tesla coils
are a different thing entirely in that all voltages encountered are
typically lethal. I don't think any one intends to give the idea that
bleeder resistors are a fail safe device. They won't be until some
one invents one that has a direct short failure mode.
Ray
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